Suede, with its velvety texture and luxurious feel, is a beloved material for shoes, bags, jackets, and furniture. However, its delicate nature means it requires special care. Using the wrong products or methods can lead to irreversible damage. Understanding what to avoid is crucial to preserving the beauty and longevity of your suede items.
The Cardinal Sins of Suede Care: What to Absolutely Avoid
Suede’s vulnerability stems from its unique structure. It’s made from the underside of animal skin, buffed to create a soft, napped finish. This nap makes it porous and absorbent, meaning it’s easily stained and damaged by substances that wouldn’t harm other materials.
Water: Enemy Number One
While a little rain won’t immediately ruin your suede, prolonged exposure to water is a major threat. Water can cause the fibers to stiffen, clump together, and even shrink, leading to a hard, uneven texture.
The dreaded watermarks are a common consequence of getting suede wet. These unsightly rings are difficult to remove and can permanently alter the appearance of the material.
Prevention is key here. Invest in a good suede protector spray, which creates a barrier against moisture. Apply it regularly, especially before wearing your suede items in damp conditions.
If your suede does get wet, don’t panic. Blot it gently with a clean, dry cloth to absorb excess moisture. Allow it to air dry naturally, away from direct heat or sunlight. Stuffing the item with paper towels can help it retain its shape as it dries. Once dry, use a suede brush to restore the nap.
Oil-Based Products: A Stain’s Best Friend
Oil and grease are notoriously difficult to remove from suede. Because suede is porous, these substances quickly penetrate the fibers, leaving behind dark, stubborn stains.
Avoid using any products containing oil or grease on your suede. This includes things like oily lotions, conditioners, and some types of leather conditioners not specifically designed for suede.
Even seemingly harmless substances like cooking oil or salad dressing can cause significant damage if they come into contact with your suede. Act quickly to blot up any spills with a clean cloth or paper towel, but avoid rubbing, which can spread the stain.
Specialized suede stain removers are available for dealing with oil-based stains. These products often contain solvents that can help lift the oil from the fibers. Always test the product in an inconspicuous area first to ensure it doesn’t damage the material.
Harsh Chemicals: A Recipe for Disaster
Harsh chemicals like bleach, ammonia, and strong detergents should never be used on suede. These substances can strip the material of its natural oils, causing it to dry out, crack, and fade.
Even seemingly mild cleaning agents like dish soap can be too harsh for suede. The chemicals in these products can damage the fibers and leave behind a sticky residue that attracts dirt.
If you need to clean your suede, always use a product specifically designed for suede or nubuck. These products are formulated to be gentle on the material and won’t cause damage.
Always test any cleaning product in an inconspicuous area before applying it to the entire item. This will help you ensure that the product doesn’t cause discoloration or other damage.
Abrasive Cleaners and Tools: A Scratchy Situation
Avoid using abrasive cleaners or tools on suede. This includes things like scouring pads, steel wool, and even stiff-bristled brushes.
These abrasive materials can scratch the surface of the suede, damage the fibers, and leave behind unsightly marks.
When cleaning suede, always use a soft-bristled suede brush or a clean, lint-free cloth. Gently brush the nap of the suede to remove dirt and debris.
For stubborn stains, consider using a suede eraser, which is a gentle abrasive tool specifically designed for removing stains from suede.
Specific Products to Steer Clear Of
Beyond the general categories of substances to avoid, there are specific products that are particularly harmful to suede. Knowing these can help you make informed decisions about caring for your suede items.
Shoe Polish: Wrong Material, Wrong Result
Regular shoe polish, designed for smooth leather, is a definite no-no for suede. The wax and pigments in shoe polish will clog the pores of the suede, stiffen the fibers, and create a hard, unnatural finish.
The polish will also change the color of the suede, often unevenly, resulting in a patchy and unattractive appearance.
There are specialized suede polishes and dyes available, but these should only be used by experienced professionals.
If you accidentally get shoe polish on your suede, try to remove it as quickly as possible with a clean, dry cloth. You may need to consult a professional cleaner for more severe cases.
Acetone and Nail Polish Remover: A Color-Stripping Catastrophe
Acetone and nail polish remover are powerful solvents that can strip the color from suede and damage the fibers. Avoid using these products on your suede under any circumstances.
They can also dissolve the adhesives used to bond the suede to other materials, causing the item to fall apart.
If you spill nail polish on your suede, blot it up immediately with a clean cloth. Don’t rub, as this will spread the stain. You may need to take the item to a professional cleaner for removal.
Household Cleaners (General Purpose): Too Harsh for Delicate Suede
General-purpose household cleaners, like those used for cleaning kitchens and bathrooms, are far too harsh for suede. These cleaners often contain strong chemicals that can damage the fibers, strip the color, and leave behind a residue.
Even seemingly mild cleaners like vinegar or baking soda can be harmful to suede. While these products are often touted as natural cleaning solutions, they can be too acidic or alkaline for delicate materials like suede.
Always use a product specifically designed for cleaning suede. These products are formulated to be gentle on the material and won’t cause damage.
Baby Wipes: Surprisingly Detrimental
While seemingly gentle, baby wipes can contain ingredients that are detrimental to suede. Some wipes contain alcohol, which can dry out the suede and cause it to crack. Others contain fragrances and moisturizers that can leave behind a sticky residue.
The moisture in baby wipes can also damage suede, causing it to stiffen and develop watermarks.
Avoid using baby wipes to clean your suede. Opt for a specialized suede cleaner instead.
Magic Erasers: An Abrasive Mistake
Magic erasers, while effective for cleaning many surfaces, are too abrasive for suede. These erasers work by gently sanding away the surface of the material, which can damage the delicate fibers of suede.
Using a magic eraser on suede can cause it to become discolored, scratched, and worn.
Instead of a magic eraser, use a suede eraser or a soft-bristled suede brush to remove stains and dirt from your suede items.
Practical Tips for Protecting Your Suede
Prevention is always better than cure when it comes to suede care. Here are some practical tips for protecting your suede items from damage:
-
Apply a Suede Protector Spray: As mentioned earlier, a good suede protector spray is essential for protecting your suede items from water and stains. Apply it regularly, especially before wearing your suede items in damp conditions.
-
Store Your Suede Items Properly: Store your suede items in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Use a breathable garment bag to protect them from dust and dirt. Avoid storing them in plastic bags, which can trap moisture and lead to mildew.
-
Clean Your Suede Items Regularly: Even if you’re careful, your suede items will eventually accumulate dirt and debris. Clean them regularly with a soft-bristled suede brush to remove dirt and maintain the nap.
-
Address Stains Immediately: The sooner you address a stain, the easier it will be to remove. Blot up any spills immediately with a clean cloth or paper towel. Avoid rubbing, which can spread the stain.
-
Consider Professional Cleaning: For stubborn stains or for items that require a deep cleaning, consider taking them to a professional suede cleaner.
Understanding Suede and Nubuck: A Note on Similar Materials
While this article focuses on suede, it’s important to understand the difference between suede and nubuck, another similar material. Nubuck is also made from animal skin but is created from the outer layer, giving it a finer, more uniform nap than suede. While the care principles are similar, nubuck tends to be slightly more durable. However, both materials should be treated with the same caution when it comes to avoiding damaging substances.
The Importance of Spot Testing
Before applying any cleaning product or treatment to your suede, it’s crucial to perform a spot test in an inconspicuous area. This will help you determine whether the product will cause any discoloration, damage, or other unwanted effects.
Choose a hidden area, such as the inside of a pocket or the underside of a collar. Apply a small amount of the product to the area and let it sit for a few minutes. Then, blot it with a clean cloth and observe the area for any changes in color or texture.
If you notice any adverse effects, do not use the product on the rest of the item.
When to Call in the Professionals
Sometimes, despite your best efforts, your suede items may require professional cleaning. If you’re dealing with a stubborn stain, a delicate item, or a valuable piece, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and seek the help of a professional suede cleaner.
Professional cleaners have the knowledge, experience, and specialized equipment necessary to clean suede safely and effectively. They can remove stains, restore the nap, and protect your suede items from damage.
Don’t hesitate to contact a professional cleaner if you’re unsure about how to care for your suede items. It’s a small investment that can save you a lot of money and heartache in the long run.
Conclusion: Protecting Your Investment
Suede is a beautiful and luxurious material that deserves special care. By avoiding the products and methods outlined in this article, you can protect your suede items from damage and keep them looking their best for years to come. Remember that prevention is key, and choosing the right products and techniques makes all the difference. Treat your suede with the respect it deserves, and it will reward you with its timeless beauty and enduring quality.
What liquids are absolutely forbidden on suede?
Suede is notoriously sensitive to water and other liquids. Avoid any substance that can stain or discolor the delicate nap. This includes, but isn’t limited to, regular water (especially hard water, which can leave mineral deposits), oily substances like cooking oil or lotions, and strongly colored liquids like red wine, coffee, or juice. Even seemingly harmless liquids like clear sodas can cause damage due to their sugar content which will dry and become sticky.
Alcohol-based products, such as hand sanitizer or certain cleaning solutions, should also be kept far away from suede. Alcohol can strip the natural oils from the material, causing it to become stiff, brittle, and potentially discolored. The porous nature of suede makes it incredibly absorbent, meaning these liquids penetrate quickly and deeply, making removal very difficult, if not impossible, without professional help.
Can I use regular leather cleaner on suede?
Using regular leather cleaner on suede is a definite no-no. Traditional leather cleaners are formulated for smooth leather, which has a protective coating that suede lacks. Applying these cleaners to suede will likely clog the pores of the material, leading to discoloration and stiffness. The oils and waxes present in most leather cleaners are designed to nourish smooth leather but will saturate suede, altering its texture and appearance.
Suede requires specialized cleaning products specifically designed to lift dirt and stains without damaging the delicate nap. These products often come in the form of suede erasers, cleaning blocks, or specialized sprays. Always test any cleaning product on a small, inconspicuous area of the suede item before applying it to the entire surface to ensure it doesn’t cause any adverse reactions.
Is it okay to use hairspray near my suede shoes or bag?
Hairspray is another product that should be kept away from suede. Most hairsprays contain alcohol and other chemicals that can damage and discolor the material. Even a small amount of overspray can leave a noticeable stain that is difficult to remove, especially if it’s allowed to dry. The alcohol content in hairspray can dry out the suede, making it brittle and prone to cracking.
Beyond the alcohol content, hairsprays often contain polymers and resins designed to hold hair in place. When these land on suede, they can create a sticky residue that attracts dirt and dust, further compounding the problem. This residue can be extremely difficult to remove without damaging the delicate fibers of the suede.
Should I ever use bleach on suede to remove stains?
Absolutely never use bleach on suede. Bleach is a powerful chemical that will irrevocably damage the material. Suede is a delicate fabric, and bleach will strip its color, potentially leaving a permanent white or discolored stain. The harsh chemicals in bleach will also weaken the fibers of the suede, causing it to become brittle and easily damaged.
Furthermore, bleach can react unpredictably with the dyes used to color suede, resulting in an unexpected and unwanted color change. Even diluted bleach can cause significant damage. Instead of bleach, opt for suede-specific cleaning products and methods, or seek professional cleaning if you encounter a stubborn stain. Always prioritize gentle and targeted treatments over harsh chemicals.
Can I use shoe polish designed for smooth leather on my suede boots?
Applying shoe polish meant for smooth leather to suede boots is a bad idea. Smooth leather shoe polish contains waxes and oils designed to create a shine and protect the surface of regular leather. These substances will clog the pores of the suede, matting down the nap and ruining its characteristic soft texture. The polish will also likely discolor the suede, leaving a greasy or uneven appearance.
Suede boots require specialized care and products. Instead of shoe polish, consider using a suede protector spray to repel water and stains, and a suede brush to maintain the nap and remove dirt. Regularly brushing your suede boots will help keep them looking their best without the need for harsh chemicals or inappropriate products.
Is it safe to use baby wipes to clean suede?
Using baby wipes on suede is generally not recommended, although it might seem like a gentle option. While baby wipes are designed to be mild for a baby’s skin, they still contain detergents and moisturizers that can leave a residue on suede. This residue can attract dirt and dust, ultimately making the problem worse. Some wipes may also contain alcohol, which, as previously mentioned, can dry out and damage suede.
The moisture content of baby wipes can also be problematic for suede. Excessive moisture can cause the material to stiffen and potentially stain. If you need to spot clean suede, opt for a specialized suede cleaner or a slightly damp (not wet) cloth made of microfiber, gently blotting the affected area instead of rubbing. Always test on an inconspicuous area first.
What about using baking soda to absorb stains on suede?
While baking soda is often touted as a natural stain remover, it should be used with caution on suede. Baking soda can be effective at absorbing grease and odors, but it can also dry out the material and leave a powdery residue that’s difficult to remove completely. The abrasive nature of baking soda can also damage the delicate nap of the suede if rubbed too vigorously.
If you choose to use baking soda, apply a small amount to the stain and let it sit for several hours. Then, gently brush away the baking soda with a suede brush. Avoid rubbing the baking soda into the suede. If the stain persists or the baking soda leaves a noticeable residue, consider seeking professional cleaning. Always test a small, hidden area before applying baking soda to the entire stain.