Apple picking is a beloved autumn tradition, a chance to connect with nature, and a source of an abundance of fresh, crisp fruit. But what happens after you’ve filled your baskets, bags, or even the trunk of your car with these autumnal treasures? Knowing how to handle, store, and utilize your freshly picked apples is key to enjoying the fruits (pun intended!) of your labor for weeks, even months, to come. This guide will provide you with a comprehensive overview of what to do with apples after you pick them, ensuring that none of your hard-earned bounty goes to waste.
Sorting and Inspecting Your Apple Harvest
The first, and arguably most important step after apple picking is to carefully sort and inspect your harvest. Not all apples are created equal, and identifying the “keepers” from those destined for immediate consumption is crucial for long-term storage.
Identifying Apples for Storage
Inspect each apple individually. Look for any signs of bruising, cuts, insect damage, or soft spots. These imperfections can quickly lead to rot and affect the other apples around them. Even a small bruise can introduce mold or bacteria that can spoil the entire batch.
Handle apples gently. Dropping or throwing apples can cause unseen damage that will shorten their lifespan. Treat them with care, as you would any delicate fruit.
Separate the wheat from the chaff. Apples intended for long-term storage should be perfect specimens. Any apples with blemishes should be set aside for immediate use in cooking, baking, or juicing. These imperfections might not affect the taste, but they significantly reduce their storage potential.
Consider the variety. Some apple varieties naturally store better than others. Varieties like Fuji, Gala, Honeycrisp, and Granny Smith are known for their excellent storage capabilities, while others like McIntosh and Cortland are best enjoyed sooner. Researching the best storage practices for your specific apple variety can significantly extend its shelf life.
Knowing Which Apples to Use First
Apples with any imperfections, even minor ones, should be prioritized for immediate use. These apples are still perfectly delicious and nutritious, but they won’t hold up well in storage.
Bruised apples: Use these for applesauce, apple butter, or pies. The imperfections will be cooked away, and you’ll still enjoy the apple’s flavor.
Slightly damaged apples: Cut away the damaged portions and use the remaining apple in salads, snacks, or baking. Don’t discard the whole apple just because of a small blemish.
Soft spots: These are best used in cooked preparations like applesauce or chutney.
Proper Apple Storage Techniques
Once you’ve sorted your apples, it’s time to focus on proper storage. Creating the right environment is essential for keeping your apples crisp and delicious for as long as possible.
Creating the Ideal Storage Environment
The key factors for apple storage are cool temperatures, high humidity, and darkness.
Temperature: The ideal storage temperature for apples is between 32°F and 40°F (0°C and 4°C). This temperature range slows down the ripening process and prevents spoilage. A refrigerator is often the best option, but a cool basement, garage, or unheated room can also work if the temperature is consistently within this range.
Humidity: Apples require high humidity to prevent them from drying out and shriveling. A humidity level of around 90% is ideal. In a refrigerator, you can maintain humidity by storing apples in a perforated plastic bag or a crisper drawer. A damp cloth placed in the storage container can also help.
Darkness: Light can accelerate ripening and degrade the quality of apples. Store apples in a dark place or cover them with a cloth to protect them from light.
Storage Methods: From Refrigerator to Root Cellar
Different storage methods offer varying levels of effectiveness depending on your resources and the quantity of apples you need to store.
Refrigerator Storage: The most common and convenient method for most households. Store apples in a perforated plastic bag in the crisper drawer. This helps maintain humidity and prevents the apples from absorbing odors from other foods. Check the apples regularly and remove any that show signs of spoilage.
Root Cellar Storage: If you have a root cellar, you have an ideal environment for long-term apple storage. Place apples in single layers on shelves or in crates, making sure they don’t touch each other. Monitor temperature and humidity levels to maintain the optimal conditions.
Garage or Unheated Room Storage: If you don’t have a refrigerator or root cellar, a cool garage or unheated room can work, provided the temperature stays within the optimal range. Wrap individual apples in newspaper or tissue paper to prevent them from touching and spreading spoilage. Place them in a cardboard box or crate.
Ethylene Gas: Apples produce ethylene gas, which can accelerate the ripening of other fruits and vegetables. Store apples away from ethylene-sensitive produce like bananas, avocados, and leafy greens.
Preserving Apples: Beyond Fresh Storage
If you have a large quantity of apples or want to enjoy them beyond their fresh storage window, consider preserving them using various methods.
Applesauce: A Classic and Versatile Preserve
Applesauce is a simple and delicious way to preserve apples. It can be enjoyed on its own, used as an ingredient in baking, or served as a side dish.
Preparation: Wash, peel, and core your apples. Cut them into chunks and place them in a large pot with a small amount of water or apple cider. Cook over medium heat until the apples are soft and easily mashed.
Flavoring: Add spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, or cloves to enhance the flavor of your applesauce. You can also add a touch of sugar or honey to sweeten it, but many apple varieties are naturally sweet enough on their own.
Canning: For long-term storage, can your applesauce using proper canning techniques. Follow a tested canning recipe and ensure that you process the jars correctly to prevent spoilage.
Freezing: Applesauce can also be frozen for later use. Allow the applesauce to cool completely and then transfer it to freezer-safe containers or bags. Leave some headspace in the containers to allow for expansion during freezing.
Apple Butter: A Rich and Flavorful Spread
Apple butter is a concentrated form of applesauce that is cooked down for a longer period, resulting in a richer, more intense flavor.
Preparation: Follow the same steps as for applesauce, but use a larger quantity of apples and cook them for a longer period. Stir frequently to prevent scorching.
Spices: Apple butter typically includes a generous amount of spices like cinnamon, cloves, and allspice. The spices add warmth and depth to the flavor.
Slow Cooker Method: A slow cooker is an excellent tool for making apple butter. It allows you to cook the apples slowly and evenly, without having to constantly stir them.
Canning: Apple butter must be canned using proper canning techniques to ensure its safety and longevity. Follow a tested canning recipe and process the jars correctly.
Apple Cider: A Refreshing Autumn Beverage
Apple cider is a delicious and refreshing beverage made from pressed apples. It can be enjoyed fresh or used in various recipes.
Pressing: Use an apple cider press to extract the juice from your apples. Different apple varieties will yield different flavors of cider, so experiment with different blends to find your favorite.
Pasteurization: To prevent spoilage, pasteurize your apple cider by heating it to a specific temperature for a specific amount of time. This kills any harmful bacteria and extends the shelf life of the cider.
Fermentation: Apple cider can also be fermented to make hard cider, a popular alcoholic beverage. This process involves adding yeast to the cider and allowing it to ferment for several weeks or months.
Dehydrating Apples: A Healthy and Portable Snack
Dehydrating apples is a simple way to create a healthy and portable snack. Dried apples can be enjoyed on their own or added to trail mixes, granola, and other recipes.
Preparation: Wash, core, and slice your apples into thin, even slices. You can use a mandoline slicer for consistent results.
Pretreatment: To prevent browning, dip the apple slices in a solution of lemon juice and water before dehydrating them.
Dehydration: Arrange the apple slices in a single layer on dehydrator trays and dehydrate them at a low temperature until they are leathery and pliable.
Oven Dehydration: If you don’t have a dehydrator, you can also dehydrate apples in your oven. Set the oven to the lowest possible temperature and prop the door open slightly to allow moisture to escape.
Freezing Apples: Preparing for Future Baking
Freezing apples is a great way to preserve them for future use in pies, crisps, and other baked goods.
Preparation: Wash, peel, and core your apples. Slice them into the desired size and shape.
Pretreatment: To prevent browning, toss the apple slices with a mixture of lemon juice and water.
Freezing Methods: You can freeze apple slices on a baking sheet before transferring them to freezer bags or containers. This prevents them from clumping together. You can also freeze apples in syrup or sugar.
Cooking and Baking with Apples: Endless Culinary Possibilities
Beyond preservation, apples are incredibly versatile in the kitchen, lending themselves to a wide range of culinary applications.
Savory Apple Dishes: Beyond the Sweet
Apples aren’t just for desserts! They can add a delightful sweetness and complexity to savory dishes.
Pork and Apples: A classic pairing. The sweetness of the apples complements the richness of the pork.
Apple and Cheese Sandwiches: A simple yet satisfying lunch option. The crispness of the apple provides a refreshing contrast to the cheese.
Apple and Sausage Stuffing: A flavorful addition to Thanksgiving or Christmas dinner. The apples add moisture and sweetness to the stuffing.
Apple Chutney: A tangy and sweet condiment that pairs well with cheese, grilled meats, and Indian dishes.
Sweet Apple Treats: From Pie to Crisp
Of course, apples are a staple in the world of sweet treats.
Apple Pie: The quintessential apple dessert. A flaky crust filled with sweet and spiced apples.
Apple Crisp: A simpler alternative to apple pie. A crumbly topping of oats, flour, butter, and sugar over a bed of baked apples.
Apple Cake: A moist and flavorful cake that is perfect for breakfast or dessert.
Apple Muffins: A quick and easy breakfast treat.
Caramel Apples: A fun and festive treat for fall.
Creative Uses for Apple Scraps
Even the apple cores and peels can be put to good use.
Making Apple Scrap Vinegar
Apple scraps can be used to make apple cider vinegar.
Fermentation: Combine apple scraps with water and sugar and allow them to ferment for several weeks.
Uses: Apple cider vinegar can be used in salad dressings, marinades, and cleaning solutions.
Creating Apple Peel Tea
Apple peels can be used to make a flavorful and aromatic tea.
Drying: Dry the apple peels in a dehydrator or oven.
Brewing: Steep the dried peels in hot water for a few minutes.
Composting Apple Waste
If you have a compost pile, apple scraps can be added to enrich the compost.
Decomposition: Apple scraps will decompose and provide valuable nutrients for your garden.
Conclusion: Savoring the Apple Harvest
From sorting and storing to preserving and cooking, there are countless ways to enjoy your apple harvest. By following these tips and techniques, you can make the most of your apple picking experience and savor the deliciousness of fresh, locally grown apples for months to come. So, embrace the abundance, get creative in the kitchen, and enjoy the fruits of your labor!
How long can I store freshly picked apples?
The storage life of apples depends on the variety and storage conditions. Generally, apples stored properly can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months. Firmer varieties like Fuji, Gala, and Granny Smith tend to store longer than softer varieties like McIntosh or Honeycrisp. To maximize their lifespan, it is crucial to handle apples carefully to avoid bruising, which can accelerate spoilage.
For long-term storage, select undamaged apples and store them in a cool, dark, and humid environment. Ideal temperatures are between 30-32°F ( -1 to 0°C) with high humidity (around 90%). A refrigerator crisper drawer works well for smaller quantities, while a root cellar or unheated garage may be suitable for larger harvests. Check the apples regularly and remove any that show signs of rot to prevent it from spreading to others.
What are the best ways to use a large harvest of apples quickly?
When faced with a large apple harvest, consider methods to process and preserve them promptly. Applesauce is a versatile option that can be easily made in large batches and either canned or frozen. Another efficient method is to bake large quantities into apple pies or crumbles, which can be frozen for later enjoyment. Apple butter is a flavorful spread that can be made on the stovetop or in a slow cooker, and it also makes a great gift.
Additionally, consider making apple juice or cider. These can be enjoyed fresh, pasteurized and canned for later use, or even fermented into hard cider. Dehydrating apple slices is a simple way to create a healthy snack that can be stored for an extended period. Don’t forget to use apple scraps to make apple cider vinegar, a versatile product for both cooking and cleaning.
Can I freeze apples?
Yes, apples can be frozen, but it’s best to prepare them first to prevent browning and maintain texture. Raw apples can become mushy when thawed, so it’s recommended to cook them slightly before freezing. Peeling, coring, and slicing the apples are the first steps. Then, blanch them briefly in boiling water (about 1-2 minutes) to help preserve their color and texture.
Alternatively, you can toss the sliced apples with lemon juice to prevent oxidation before freezing. Spread the prepared apple slices in a single layer on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and freeze them until solid. Once frozen, transfer the apple slices to freezer-safe bags or containers. Frozen apples are best used in cooked applications like pies, crumbles, or sauces rather than eaten raw.
What are some creative recipes besides pies that use a lot of apples?
Beyond the classic apple pie, there are numerous creative recipes to utilize a large apple harvest. Consider making apple chutney, which is a savory condiment that pairs well with cheese, meats, and sandwiches. Apple fritters are another delicious option, offering a sweet and crispy treat. Apple and pork stew is a hearty and flavorful dish that combines sweet and savory elements.
Explore making apple bread or muffins, perfect for breakfast or a snack. You can also try apple pancakes or waffles, adding shredded apples to the batter for extra flavor and moisture. Apple salsa is a unique and refreshing appetizer, offering a sweet and spicy combination. Finally, consider making apple cider donuts, a fall favorite that can be baked or fried.
How do I prevent apples from browning after cutting them?
Apples brown quickly after being cut due to enzymatic oxidation. The enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) reacts with oxygen in the air, causing the fruit to turn brown. To prevent this discoloration, you need to inhibit this reaction or create a barrier between the apple flesh and the air. The most common and effective method is to use an acid.
The simplest solution is to toss the cut apple slices with lemon juice, lime juice, or pineapple juice. The citric acid in these juices inhibits the enzyme activity. Another option is to soak the apple slices in a saltwater solution (about 1/2 teaspoon of salt per quart of water) for a few minutes, then rinse them before using. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is also effective; you can crush a vitamin C tablet and dissolve it in water, then soak the apple slices in the solution.
What are the best apple varieties for baking?
Different apple varieties lend themselves better to baking due to their texture, flavor, and ability to hold their shape when cooked. Varieties like Granny Smith are known for their tartness and firm texture, making them ideal for pies and tarts where you want the apples to retain their shape. Honeycrisp apples also hold up well and provide a balanced sweet-tart flavor.
Other excellent baking apples include Braeburn, which offers a complex flavor profile and a firm texture, and Fuji, which is sweet and juicy with a crisp bite. For applesauce or apple butter, softer varieties like McIntosh or Golden Delicious are good choices as they break down easily during cooking. Experimenting with different varieties can enhance the flavor and texture of your baked goods.
Can I make alcoholic beverages with my harvested apples?
Yes, a bountiful apple harvest can be used to make various alcoholic beverages, most notably hard cider. Making hard cider involves fermenting the juice from apples, usually with added yeast to control the fermentation process. Different apple varieties will produce different flavor profiles in the cider, so experimenting with blends can be rewarding. Specific cider apple varieties (e.g., Kingston Black, Dabinett) are traditionally preferred for their tannins and complex flavors.
Beyond hard cider, you can also use apples to make apple wine or apple brandy. Apple wine is similar to hard cider but often has a higher alcohol content and may involve the addition of sugar. Apple brandy, like Calvados in France, requires distillation of fermented apple cider or wine. Remember to check and comply with all local laws and regulations regarding the production and sale of alcoholic beverages before embarking on any such project.